日本語版

repeated sipping

process / process-repeated-sipping

複数口の反復摂取

Repeated sipping is an evaluation and consumption process involving several consecutive sips while tracking the temporal sensations and acceptance of each sip.

On this page (5 sections)
  1. Overview
  2. Sources for this overview (2)
  3. Topic hubs
  4. Related entries (10)
  5. Sensory (3)
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Reading the bitterness

Repeated sipping is an evaluation and consumption process in which several sips are taken consecutively and the temporal sensations and acceptance of each are tracked. In a multiple-sip TDS (temporal dominance of sensations) test, 90 consumers evaluated 6 consecutive sips of 4 specialty beers (Bohemian pilsner, witbier, Belgian strong ale Duvel, and Russian imperial stout). Bitterness became more dominant across the 6 sips, while fruity, floral, toffee, and coffee attributes became less dominant. Here, 「優勢」 (in translation: "dominance") is not intensity itself but the proportion selecting an attribute as the most attention-grabbing at that moment.

In the same 6-sip acceptance test, acceptance declined with successive sips of the strongly flavored Duvel and imperial stout, most markedly on the final sip (Duvel from 7.44 to 6.65; imperial stout from 7.51 to 6.41–6.44; both p<0.05). Acceptance was maintained for Bohemian pilsner and witbier, so repeated sipping does not uniformly lower acceptance.

A multiple-sip time-intensity study of normal-weight and overweight groups addressed the cumulative effect on bitterness itself. According to its abstract, sip count significantly affected maximum bitterness intensity for propylthiouracil (PROP) solution, coffee, mate tea infusion, and grapefruit juice; samples with stronger bitterness showed larger cumulative effects. The panel size and numerical effect sizes for each food could not be confirmed from this source.

Sources for this overview

  1. Multiple-sip temporal dominance of sensations associated with acceptance test: a study on special beers

    Simioni Síntia Carla Corrêa; Ribeiro Michele Nayara; de Souza Vanessa Rios; Nunes Cleiton Antônio; Pinheiro Ana Carla Marques / 2018 / journal article / full text checked

    Checked for this overview: Used as evidence for the increase in bitterness dominance in a 6-sip TDS test with a 90-person panel. / Used as evidence for the figures describing reduced acceptance of 2 strongly flavored beers.

  2. Time-intensity and reaction-time methodology applied to the dynamic perception and liking of bitterness in relation to body mass index

    León Bianchi L; Galmarini MV; García-Burgos D; Zamora MC / 2018 / journal article / abstract checked

    Checked for this overview: Used as evidence for the account that sip count affected maximum bitterness intensity in 4 samples.

Hypotheses and recipe candidates for this entry are on the Japanese page.

Structured claims — open a section to read each claim's confidence, evidence and limits

Sensory (3)

repeated sipping can increase The temporal dominance of the bitterness attribute across 4 specialty beerssupported

Scope: Multiple-sip TDS in which consumers evaluated each beer over 6 consecutive sips

Note: Not intensity itself, but the proportion of the attribute drawing the most attention at that point in time.

Across the 6 sips, the dominance of bitterness increased while the dominance of fruit, floral, toffee, and coffee attributes decreased. The 4 beers used were Bohemian Pilsner (5% alc/vol, IBU 42), Witbier (5% alc/vol, IBU 20), Belgian Strong Ale Dubbel (7.5% alc/vol, IBU 26), and Russian Imperial Stout (12% alc/vol, IBU 70); the panel was n=90.
Limitations: TDS dominance is not an intensity value.
Source: Multiple-sip temporal dominance of sensations associated with acceptance test: a study on special beers (Simioni Síntia Carla Corrêa; Ribeiro Michele Nayara; de Souza Vanessa Rios; Nunes Cleiton Antônio; Pinheiro Ana Carla Marques, 2018) · full text checked
Show dataprocess-repeated-sipping —can_increase→ "The temporal dominance of the bitterness attribute across 4 specialty beers"
claim: clm-repeated-sips-beer-bitterness / type: sensory / updated: 2026-08-31
repeated sipping reduces taste preference for The later sips of Belgian Strong Ale Dubbel and Russian Imperial Stoutsupported

Scope: The same 6-sip test combining TDS with acceptance ratings

Note: Acceptance was maintained for Bohemian Pilsner and Witbier, so this is not a uniform effect of repetition.

For the strongly flavored Dubbel and Imperial Stout, acceptance declined with the number of sips, especially at the last sip (BD: 7.44→6.65; RS: 7.51→6.41-6.44, both p<0.05). Pilsner and Witbier were maintained.
Limitations: 1 sample per style.
Source: Multiple-sip temporal dominance of sensations associated with acceptance test: a study on special beers (Simioni Síntia Carla Corrêa; Ribeiro Michele Nayara; de Souza Vanessa Rios; Nunes Cleiton Antônio; Pinheiro Ana Carla Marques, 2018) · full text checked
Show dataprocess-repeated-sipping —reduces_taste_preference_for→ "The later sips of Belgian Strong Ale Dubbel and Russian Imperial Stout"
claim: clm-repeated-sips-strong-beer-acceptance / type: sensory / updated: 2026-08-31
repeated sipping can increase The maximum bitterness intensity of PROP solution, coffee, mate tea infusion, and grapefruit juicesupported

Scope: Multiple-sip time-intensity in normal-BMI and overweight groups

Note: The abstract reports that the effect of each sip was significant, and the cumulative effect was larger for samples with stronger bitterness.

For PROP solution and all 3 beverages, the number of sips significantly affected maximum bitterness intensity, and the cumulative effect was larger the stronger the bitterness.
Limitations: Panel size and the effect size by food are not given in the abstract.
Source: Time-intensity and reaction-time methodology applied to the dynamic perception and liking of bitterness in relation to body mass index (León Bianchi L; Galmarini MV; García-Burgos D; Zamora MC, 2018) · abstract checked
Show dataprocess-repeated-sipping —can_increase→ "The maximum bitterness intensity of PROP solution, coffee, mate tea infusion, and grapefruit juice"
claim: clm-multiple-sip-bitter-cumulative / type: sensory / updated: 2026-08-31

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