範囲: 246 adults (mostly European ancestry); remembered liking for unsweetened grapefruit juice on a bipolar hedonic scale
注記: Quinine bitterness showed the parallel association (21.5 versus 30.8 gLMS). Authors argue earlier TAS2R19 associations may reflect linkage disequilibrium with TAS2R31, whose validated agonist is quinine, not naringin or limonin.
Val240 homozygotes rated quinine less bitter (21.5 plus-minus 1.9 versus 30.8 plus-minus 3.1 for Ile240 homozygotes) and reported greater remembered liking for grapefruit juice (9.3 plus-minus 4.5 versus -16.53 plus-minus 7.1); the three TAS2R19/TAS2R31 SNPs formed a haploblock (D' 0.96 and 0.87) so earlier TAS2R19 associations may be LD artifacts.
限界: Remembered rather than tasted grapefruit liking; tag SNPs rather than suspected causal Arg35Trp; LD with unmeasured variants possible (authors' own limitations).
文脈: The existence of high LD spanning functionally distinct TAS2R loci predicts that bitter taste responses to many compounds will be strongly correlated even when they are mediated by different genes, and haplotype analysis showed most single-marker associations in the TAS2R30-46 cluster to be spurious products of LD with TAS2R31.
限界: Provides the mechanistic backdrop for Hayes 2015's argument that earlier TAS2R19 grapefruit/quinine associations may be LD artifacts of TAS2R31; it does not itself test grapefruit liking.
データを表示
ingredient-grapefruit-juice —has_liking_associated_with→ receptor-tas2r31claim: clm-grapefruit-liking-tas2r31 / type: sensory / 更新: 2026-08-30
グレープフルーツジュースは次の方法で脱苦味できる: Immobilized naringinase with simultaneous limonin adsorption on butyl- or octyl-glyoxyl agarose (naringin reduced 54 to 74 percent; limonin 76 to 100 percent)支持あり
範囲: Grapefruit juice treated at pH 4.0 and 30 C; biocatalyst reused over five 24-hour batches
注記: Final concentrations reached the cited detection thresholds only partially depending on support: limonin fell below threshold on both supports but naringin only with the octyl support.
Naringinase immobilized on butyl-glyoxyl agarose reduced naringin and limonin by 54 and 100 percent; on octyl-glyoxyl agarose by 74 and 76 percent; limonin fell below the detection threshold on both supports but naringin only with the octyl support; the biocatalyst was reused in five repeated 24-hour batches.
限界: No sensory panel; bitterness reduction is inferred from literature threshold values; initial juice concentrations varied across batches.
データを表示
ingredient-grapefruit-juice —can_be_debittered_by→ "Immobilized naringinase with simultaneous limonin adsorption on butyl- or octyl-glyoxyl agarose (naringin reduced 54 to 74 percent; limonin 76 to 100 percent)"claim: clm-grapefruit-enzymatic-debittering / type: processing / 更新: 2026-08-30
グレープフルーツジュースは次の方法で脱苦味できる: Macroporous resin adsorption (PAD550, PAD600) removing naringin to below its taste threshold and also lowering limonin, nomilin and bergamottin支持あり
範囲: HLB-affected Florida grapefruit juice on a fixed-bed column; consumer taste panel comparison of untreated versus half- and fully-debittered juice
注記: Consumers rated debittered and half-debittered juices higher than untreated, but the half-debittered juice ranked most preferred, so complete bitterness removal was not the consumer optimum.
PAD550 and PAD600 macroporous resins adsorbed naringin (pseudo-second-order kinetics); fixed-bed treatment brought naringin below its taste threshold and also decreased limonin nomilin and bergamottin; a consumer panel rated debittered and half-debittered juices higher for overall acceptability than untreated and ranked the half-debittered juice most preferred.
限界: Abstract only; panel size resin loading rates and threshold values used are not readable without full text.
データを表示
ingredient-grapefruit-juice —can_be_debittered_by→ "Macroporous resin adsorption (PAD550, PAD600) removing naringin to below its taste threshold and also lowering limonin, nomilin and bergamottin"claim: clm-grapefruit-resin-debittering / type: processing / 更新: 2026-08-30